Moed Katan 45

וקורין שבעה ויוצאין רבי יהושע בן קרחה אומר לא שילכו ויטיילו בשוק אלא יושבין ודומין

and seven persons read [the weekly portions of the Torah]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But pray individually, not as a congregational service. So Rashi. This however is contradicted by a responsum of Natronai Otz. Hag. (Lewin) n. 91.');">¹</span> and thereafter they come away. R'Joshua B'Korhah says, Not that they go and walk about in the street but they sit [at home] in silence.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Han. Alfasi, MS.M. etc. read: 'sit in anguish'. Sem. X (end) enlarges: They sit or stand saddened and are like people who have Parnes (leader) . When the time of rising arrives they minimize their affairs and rise'. vguna');">²</span>

ואין אומרים שמועה ואגדה בבית האבל אמרו עליו על ר' חנניה בן גמליאל שהיה אומר שמועה ואגדה בבית האבל

Neither a halachic theme<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' - a novel exposition of the legal import of a Mishnah, Baraitha 'heard' from some prominent teacher. Aggadah, is a homiletical exposition of ethical import.');">³</span> nor an aggadah should be discussed in the house of mourning. It was related of R'Hananiah B'Gamaliel that he used to speak on halachic and aggadic themes in the house of mourning.

ת"ר אבל שבת ראשונה אינו יוצא מפתח ביתו שניה יוצא ואינו יושב במקומו שלישית יושב במקומו ואינו מדבר רביעית הרי הוא ככל אדם

Our Rabbis taught: during the first week a mourner does not go out of the door of his house; the second week he goes out but does not sit in his [usual] place [in the synagogue];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sem. X.');">⁴</span> the third week he sits in his [usual] place but does not speak; the fourth week he is like any other person. Says R'Judah: There was no need to say 'In the first week he does not go out of the door of his house', as then everybody comes into his house to comfort him; [what it should] rather [say is that] the second [week] he does not go out of the door of his house; the third [week] he goes out but does not sit in his [usual] place [in the synagogue]; the fourth [week] he sits in his place but does not speak; in the fifth [week] he is like any other person.

רבי יהודה אומר לא הוצרכו לומר שבת ראשונה לא יצא מפתח ביתו שהרי הכל נכנסין לביתו לנחמו אלא שניה אינו יוצא מפתח ביתו שלישית יוצא ואינו יושב במקומו רביעית יושב במקומו ואינו מדבר חמישית הרי הוא ככל אדם

Our Rabbis taught: For [the whole] thirty days [the mourner is debarred from] taking a wife. If his wife died, he is forbidden to take another until three Festivals have gone by. R'Judah says.

ת"ר כל שלשים יום לנישואין מתה אשתו אסור לישא אשה אחרת עד שיעברו עליו שלשה רגלים רבי יהודה אומר רגל ראשון ושני אסור שלישי מותר

[Until] the first festival and the second he is forbidden [to marry]; before the third he is allowed. If he have no children he may take a wife forthwith,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the date of nuptials had been fixed before the bereavement took place.');">⁵</span> lest [otherwise]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Delay might lead to a cancellation of the match and loss of his only opportunity for a suitable spouse.');">⁶</span>

ואם אין לו בנים מותר לישא לאלתר משום ביטול פריה ורביה הניחה לו בנים קטנים מותר לישא לאלתר מפני פרנסתן

he may fail in [the duty of] procreation.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Gen. I, 27-28; II, 24.');">⁷</span> If she left him little children, he is allowed to take a wife forthwith to take care of them. It happened that the wife of Joseph the Priest died and he said on the burial ground to her sister: Go and take care of your sister's children: nevertheless he did not go in to her [as husband] till a long time after.

מעשה שמתה אשתו של יוסף הכהן ואמר לאחותה בבית הקברות לכי ופרנסי את בני אחותך ואעפ"כ לא בא עליה אלא לזמן מרובה מאי לזמן מרובה אמר רב פפא לאחר שלשים יום

What is [meant by] a 'long time'? - R'Papa said, Alter thirty days. Our Rabbis taught: [During the whole] thirty days [the mourner is debarred from donning] pressed<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., ironed, or pressed smooth out of their creases. S. Krauss, TA I, 156, 581 translates, 'bleaching';');">⁸</span> clothes: it makes no difference whether they be old or new clothes coming out of the press.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' After bleaching, the clothes were put in a press; v. Krauss, loc. cit.');">⁹</span>

ת"ר כל שלשים יום לגיהוץ אחד כלים חדשים ואחד כלים ישנים יוצאין מתוך המכבש רבי אומר לא אסרו אלא כלים חדשים בלבד רבי אלעזר בר' שמעון אומר לא אסרו אלא כלים חדשים לבנים בלבד

Rabbi says, They only forbade new clothes; R'Eleazar son of R'Simeon says, They only forbade new white linen clothes. Abaye went out<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' During the thirty days of mourning. tkcrxs tsrd tsrd');">¹⁰</span> in a worn sarbal,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' : In Syrian grida means a worn garment, or piece of cloth. Is perhaps the Aramaic equivalent of the Greek ** or **? kcrx which means a shabby, rough cloak or cape. Sarbal means a mantle (and sometimes, Persian trousers) . V. Kohut Ar. Compl. s.v. Jast. renders, in a fresh scraped and smoothed cloak.');">¹¹</span>

אביי נפיק בגרדא דסרבלא כרבי רבא נפיק בחימוצתא רומיתא סומקתא חדתי כרבי אלעזר בר' שמעון:

in accordance with Rabbi.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [Who permitted freshly pressed or bleached clothes provided they were not new].');">¹²</span> Raba went out<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' During the thirty days of mourning.');">¹³</span> in a new Roman re tunic,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or shirt.');">¹⁴</span>

מפני שאמרו שבת עולה ואינה מפסקת: בני יהודה ובני גלילא הני אמרי

in accordance with R'Eleazar son of R'Simeon.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [Who forbade new pressed clothes only if white].');">¹⁵</span> BECAUSE THEY [THE SAGES] SAID<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In reference to the efficacy of festivals or the Sabbath to cancel or defer the observances of formal mourning. V. Mishnah, supra 19a.');">¹⁶</span> THAT THE SABBATH ENTERS [INTO COUNT] BUT DOES NOT INTERRUPT; [WHIle FESTIVALS INTERRUPT, AND DO NOT ENTER INTO COUNT]. The Judeans and the Galileans [differed in regard to this Mishnah], the one party saying